Shows a Wound-Rotor Induction Motor with Controller (Rheostat)

Wound motor operates in the same manner as squirrel-cage motor when the external controller is set at zero resistance as the rotor will be short-circuited. Imagine now that the torque is carrying a given load because of the rotating of rotor at a constant speed. The rotor resistance will be doubled per phase as the controller is moved.

Reactions

Following are some reaction that will be observed for the mentioned example.

The current flowing in the rotor will switch to half of the previous value neglecting the transient effect

• When the rotor current is reduced, it reduces the developed torque
• The motor slows down when the load on the motor is constant which develops greater torque than the developed torque
• The slip also increases in this condition which results into increased rate of stator flux cutting the rotor conductors.
• The rotor current will increase subsequently in order to develop the required value of torque which is necessary to carry the load at the constant speed.
• The rotor induced voltage increases.

Rotor resistance along with the reactance increases in the same portion even on the condition when rotor factor remains same. The induction motor will develop the same value of torque which is rotating at a lower speed but carrying the same current as before. It happens because of the slid before the increase in the rotor circuit resistance.

So if you place more load on the induction motor, I will always deliver higher slip and rotor developing the required torque in the complete process. Talking about the situation when pullout torque will be attained” it will happen when slip will be twice as great as the shortened rotor. This is because of rotor resistance which is twice the value of the rotor alone. The value of the pull out torque, thus, will be same as of short circuited rotor.

Fig. 18 shows the torque-slip characteristic of the shorted rotor, together with that for a total resistance of, R_t = 2R.

It will not be worth if the torque is developed at the standstill position which is higher along with increase in rotor resistance. Why, if you ask? The fact is that the rotor frequency is equal to the line frequency which results into maximum rotor resistance.

In order to conclude the best results, the additional resistance in the rotor circuit will result into improved power factor in the circuit when the rotor current is reducing. The develop torque will be greater with the added resistance because of the standstill rotor resistance. The standstill rotor resistance is greater than its town resistance; it helps in increasing the power factor as compared to decrease in the rotor current resulting into great torque.

Examples:

Example 1. A 3-phase, 4-pole, 60-Hz induction motor is running at 1280 r.p.m. Determine the slip speed and slip.

Solution. Number of poles, p = 4

Frequency, f = 60 Hz

Actual speed of rotor, N = 1280 r.p.m.

Slip speed = ? 

Example 2:

A 3-phase induction motor has 2 poles and is connected to 500V, 60Hz supply. Calculate the actual rotor speed and rotor frequency when the slip is 5%.

Solution:

Given, p = 2;

S = 5% = 0.05; f = 60Hz

• Current Electricity Basic Concepts
• Introduction to Alternating Current
• Introduction Three Phase A C Circuits
• Magnetic Field
• General Aspects
• General Aspects Polyphase Induction Motors
• Classification of A C Motors
• Constructional Details
• Production of Rotating Magnetic Field
• Theory of Operation of an Induction Motor
• Slip
• Frequency of Rotor Current
• Rotor E M F and Rotor Current

Links of Next Electrical Engineering Topics:-

• Power Stages in an Induction Motor
• Induction Motor as Transformer
• Equivalent Circuit of an Induction Motor
• Starting of Induction Motors
• Factors Governing Performance of Induction Motors
• Effects of Operating Conditions
• Ratings of 3 Phase Induction Motors
• Squirrel Cage Motors Advantages Disadvantages and Applications
• Wound Rotor or Slip Ring Induction Motors Advantages Disadvantages and Applications
• Comparison of a Squirrel Cage and a Slip Ring or Phase Wound
• Comparison Induction Synchronous Motors
• Highlights in Polyphase Induction Motors
• Single Phase Motors
• Characteristics of D C Generators
• Measuring Instruments
• Power Supply System